In this tutorial, we will explain different types of computer graphics, the difference between different types working of computer graphics, and other detail Basically Computer graphics contains two types. They are-

• Raster (Bitmap) graphics
• Vector graphics

Almost all people are likely to consider pictures on computers, phones, and tablets without worrying about how the graphic is processed and displayed on the display screen. That is great when you are just a graphic user, but it is essential to note the image’s specific design for all who would like to construct or modify computer graphics images.

Raster (Bitmap) Graphics

Raster graphics are also called bitmap graphics. It is a type of digital image that uses tiny elements or rectangular pixels, arranged in a grid formation to represent or display an image. Because the format can support a wide range of colors and depict subtle graduated tones, it is well suited for displaying continuous-tone images such as shaded drawings, photographs along with other detailed images.

File Formats for Raster Images

Raster files are saved in various formats:

• .png (Portable Network Graphic)
• .jpg (Joint Photographics Expert Group)
• .gif (Graphics Interchange Format)
• .pdf (Portable Document Format)
• .tiff (Tagged Image File Format)
• .psd (Adobe Photoshop Document)
• .bmp (Bitmap Image File)

Benefits of Raster (Bitmap) Graphics

• Raster files are very easy to construct through existing pixel information stored in a sequence in memory.
• Retrieval of pixel information stored in a raster file is easy while using a collection of coordinates that enables the information to be characterized in the grid form.
• Pixel values can be changed separately if available or as huge sets by changing a gradient.
• Raster graphics or bitmap graphics can display on external devices like CRTs and printers in spot format.

Vector graphics

Vector graphics use mathematical equations to draw out your designs to display on the screen. Mathematical equations are translated into points that are connected by either curves or lines also known as vector paths, and they make up all the different shapes you see in a vector graphic.

Vector graphics technique scaled to any size without sacrificing or disturbing image quality as well as maintaining a small file size. Common vector file formats are cgm .svg, dog, .eps, and .xml.

File Formats for Vector Images

Vector files can be saved or edited in these formats:

• .pdf (Portable Document Format; only when saved from vector programs)
• .svg (Scalable Vector Graphic)
• .ai (Adobe Illustrator document)
• .eps (Encapsulated PostScript)

Converting Between Bitmap and Vector Images

It is common and important to convert vector images to raster images, and it happens many times even without our knowledge. Computers and smartphones handle the conversion automatically in many cases. For instance, as we open a vector, computers read the instructions in the pictures/image file and output a temporary raster file that bears the shapes of the image.

On the other hand, sometimes we need to convert raster images or pictures to vector images. Converting raster images to vector images requires special converting software and the conversion process involves tracing bitmaps. You draw around the edges of the raster drawing or images to create lines representing the image. Tracing programs or software produced mathematical curves which define the resulting vector image.

Conclusion

The majority of images we capture or interact with are bitmaps or raster, in the form of JPEGs and Gifs there is a place for vector images. Vector images are used where high resolution is necessary.  Choosing between raster computer graphics and vector computer graphics depends on the Images quality you need while also considering other factors such as display hardware capability, storage space, and the required resolution.