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C Keywords and Identifiers

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In this tutorial, you will learn about keywords and identifiers in C programming that are part of the syntax. Also, you will learn about identifiers and the proper way to name a variable. Keywords and identifiers in C programming play an important role in Coding in c.

C Keywords and Identifiers

C Keywords and Identifiers

C Programming Identifiers

In C language identifiers are the names given to variables, constants, functions, and user-defined data. These identifiers are defined against a set of rules.
Example
int marks;
char studentName[30];
Here, marks and student names are identifiers.

Rules for writing an identifier

  1. An Identifier can only have alphanumeric characters( a-z, A-Z, 0-9 ) and an underscore( _ ).
  2. The first character of an identifier can only contain the alphabet( a-z, A-Z ) or underscore ( _ ).
  3. Identifiers are also case-sensitive in C. For example, name and Name are two different identifiers in C.
  4. Keywords are not allowed to be used as Identifiers.
  5. No special characters, such as semicolons, periods, whitespaces, slash, or commas are permitted to be used in or as Identifier.

C Keywords

Keywords are specifically reserved, predefined words in C each of which has a specific feature associated with it. Almost all of the words which help us use the functionality of the C language are included in the list of keywords. So you can imagine that the list of keywords is not going to be a small one!

Properties of Keywords

  1. All the keywords in C programming language are defined as lowercase letters so they must be used only in lowercase letters.
  2. Every keyword has a specific meaning, users can not change that meaning.
  3. Keywords cannot be used as user-defined names like variables, functions, arrays, pointers, etc..
  4. Every keyword in C programming language represents something or specifies some kind of action to be performed by the compiler.

There are a total of 32 keywords in C these are given below in the table

C Programming Keywords
auto double int struct
break else long switch
case enum register typedef
char extern return union
continue for signed void
do if static while
default goto sizeof volatile
const float short unsigned

Basics usage of these keywords –

if, else, switch, case, default – Used for decision control programming structure.
break – Used with any loop OR switch case.
int, float, char, double, long – These are the data types used during variable declaration.
for, while do – types of loop structures in C.
void – One of the return types.
goto – Used for redirecting the flow of execution.
auto, signed, const, extern, register, unsigned – defines a variable.
return – This keyword is used for returning a value.
continue – It is generally used with for, while, and do-while loops, when the compiler encounters this statement it performs the next iteration of the loop, skipping the rest of the statements of the current iteration.
enum – Set of constants.
size of – It is used to know the size.
struct, typedef  – Both of these keywords are used in structures (Grouping of data types in a single record).
union – It is a collection of variables, which shares the same memory location and memory storage
 
In this tutorial, you will learn about keywords and identifiers in C programming that are part of the syntax. Also, you will learn about identifiers and the proper way to name a variable.

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