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In this article, you will learn about the basic structure of the C program. A c program consists of a different function here we will define a necessary function that is needed in the basic structure of a c program.
All C programs are having sections/parts which are mentioned below.
In the basic structure of the c program, the documentation section consists of a set of comment lines giving the name of the program, the author, and other details, which the programmer would like to use later.
All the header files of the c program are declared in the preprocessor section of the program. Header files access the library codes that are necessary for our program. Multiple files are inserted into the program before the process compilation.
Example:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>The definition section defines all symbolic constants using the #define directive.
Example:
#define long long ll
There are some variables that are used in more than one function. Such variables are called global variables and are declared in the global declaration section that is outside of all the functions. This section also declares all the user-defined functions.
Example:
int num = 18;Every C program must have one main function section. This section contains two parts; the declaration part and the executable part.
| A. Declaration part: | The declaration part declares all the variables used in the executable part. |
| B. Executable part: | There is at least one statement in the executable part. These two parts must appear between the opening and closing braces. The program execution begins at the opening brace and ends at the closing brace. The closing brace of the main function is the logical end of the program. All statements in the declaration and executable pas semicolon. |
If the program is a multi-function program then the subprogram section contains all the user-defined functions that are called in the main () function. User-defined functions are generally placed immediately after the main () function, although they may appear in any order. All the above sections of the basic structure of the c program are very important to understand so keep focus firstly on these basic sections.
Example:
void main()
or
int main()Below C program is a very simple and basic program in the C programming language. This C program displays “The sum of Two integer numbers given by the user, user entered numbers in the main function and calls the user-defined function and the user-defined function returns the answer after processing.
C language is case-sensitive so each statement should end with a semicolon (;) which is a statement terminator.
/*
Documentation section
C programming basics & structure of C programs
Author: envirementalb.com
Date : 28/09/17
Update:29/09/17
*/
#include <stdio.h> /* Link section */
int total = 0; /* Global declaration, definition section */
int sum (int, int); /* Function declaration section */
int main () /* Main function */
{
int a,b,total; /*Local variable declaration*/
printf (“Enter number1 and number2”); /*output function*/
scanf(“%d %d”,&a,&b); /*input function*/
total = sum (a,b); /*function call */
printf (“Sum of two numbers : %d \n”, total);
getch();
}
int sum (int a, int b) /* User defined function */
{
return a + b; /* definition section */
}Output
Output Will according to the input numbers