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An LED (Light Emitting Diode) is a semiconductor tool that emits light due to the Electroluminescence effect. A Light Emitting Diode is mainly a PN Junction Diode, which emits light whenever forward biased. Light Emitting Diodes are almost everywhere. You can find LEDs in Cars, Mobile Phones, Televisions, Bikes, Office Lighting, Street Lights, Home Lighting, and many more. The Pin configuration of LED.
Because of these advantages, LEDs have become very famous among a large set of people. Electronic Hobbyists, Electronics Engineers, and Electronics Enthusiasts frequently work with LEDs for different projects.
Given Below is the LED symbol. The symbol is alike to that of the p-n junction diode. The difference between these 2 symbols is that the 2 arrows indicate that the diode is emitting light.
The holes lie in the valence band, whenever the free electrons are in the conduction band. When there is a forward bias in the p-n junction and the electron that is a part of the n-kind semiconductor material would overrun the p-n junction and include the holes in the p-kind semiconductor material. so, the holes and the free electrons would be at the higher energy bands.
Whenever this motion of free electron and hole takes location, there is a change in the energy level as the voltage drops from the conduction band to the valance band. However, in LED the release of energy in the shape of photons would emit light energy. The entire act is called electroluminescence, and these diodes are called a light-emitting diode.
In LED, energy discharged in light form hinges on the prohibited energy gap. One could manipulate the wavelength of the light produced. So, from its wavelength, the light color and its visibility or cannot be controlled. The color and wavelength of the light emitted can be determined by doping it with several impurities.
LEDs find applications in different fields, including optical communication, alarm and security systems, robotics and remote-controlled operations, etc. It finds usage in many such areas because of its long-lasting capability, low power necessities, swift response time, and fast switching capabilities. Given Below are a few standards LED uses:
Below is the list of different types of LED that are designed using semiconductors:
